Passive, or energy effective house (passive house) is a house with inappreciable energy consumption. Theoretically it should be independent electric system without charges on maintenance of comfort temperature. Heating of passive house results from a heat created by indwellers, appliances and alternative energy sources. Hot water supply is carried on account of renewable energy plants, for example, thermal pumps or sun batteries.
Passive houses that require about 10% of ordinary energy consumption are already in widespread occurrence. This impressive success is due to high-performance thermal insulation and specially developed systems of heating and ventilation of house.

     What is the way of economy of energy in passive house?
     First and foremost it is due to perfect thermal insulation. Protective structures (walls, windows, roofs, floors) of the standard houses have significant coefficient of heat transmission. It causes considerable losses: for example a heat loss of standard brick building makes 250- 350 kWt / sq.m. of heated area in a year.
Researches show that considerable reductions of heat consumption take place only if the layer of heat-insulation makes at least 15 cm; it is desirable to use heat-insulation panels 25-40 cm thick. Technology of «passive house» provides effective thermal insulation of all protective surfaces - not only walls but also floor, ceiling, garret, basement and foundation. In the passive house there are several layers of thermal insulation - internal and external. This structure provides heat conservation in the house and cold air protection. In addition there is a removal of cold joints in protective structures. As a result in the passive houses of heat loss through protective surfaces makes 15 kWt / sq.m   - in 20 times less than in standard buildings. Better results may be achieved if desired.